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Kapandji Fisiologia Articolare Arto Inferiore: A Review of the Fifth Edition
Kapandji Fisiologia Articolare Arto Inferiore is a book by I. A. Kapandji, a renowned orthopedic surgeon and anatomist, that covers the physiology and biomechanics of the lower limb joints. The book is part of a three-volume series that also includes Arto Superiore (upper limb) and Tronco e Rachide (trunk and spine). The fifth edition of the book was published in 1994 by Monduzzi, and it contains 840 pages of diagrams, illustrations, and explanations of the movements and functions of the hip, knee, ankle, foot, and toes.
The book is divided into four parts: Part I deals with the general principles of joint physiology, such as kinematics, kinetics, stability, mobility, and coordination. Part II focuses on the hip joint, its anatomy, biomechanics, pathologies, and rehabilitation. Part III covers the knee joint, its structure, function, disorders, and treatment. Part IV examines the ankle and foot complex, its components, mechanics, problems, and solutions.
The book is written in a clear and concise style, with a logical and systematic approach. The author uses schematic drawings and commentaries to illustrate the concepts and principles of joint physiology. The book also provides clinical examples and applications of the theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. The book is intended for students and professionals in the fields of anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, orthopedics, physiotherapy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation.
Kapandji Fisiologia Articolare Arto Inferiore is a comprehensive and authoritative reference for anyone interested in learning more about the lower limb joints. The book is available in PDF format for download from various online sources[^2^]. The book is also available in English as Physiology of the Joints: Volume 2 Lower Limb.
In this article, we will review some of the main topics and concepts covered in Kapandji Fisiologia Articolare Arto Inferiore. We will start with the hip joint, then move on to the knee joint, and finally to the ankle and foot complex.
The Hip Joint
The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that connects the pelvis and the femur. It is one of the most important and complex joints in the human body, as it allows a wide range of movements and supports the weight of the upper body. The hip joint is also subject to various stresses and strains, which can lead to degeneration, injury, or disease.
The hip joint consists of two main components: the acetabulum and the femoral head. The acetabulum is a cup-shaped cavity on the lateral side of the pelvis, which receives the femoral head. The femoral head is a spherical projection at the proximal end of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum. The joint is surrounded by a fibrous capsule, which is reinforced by ligaments and muscles. The joint cavity is filled with synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the articular cartilage.
The hip joint allows six degrees of freedom: flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, internal-external rotation, horizontal flexion-extension, horizontal abduction-adduction, and circumduction. These movements are controlled by various muscles that act on the hip joint, such as the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, iliopsoas, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, sartorius, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus, piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, and quadratus femoris.
The hip joint can be affected by various conditions that impair its function and cause pain or disability. Some of the most common ones are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, hip dysplasia, hip fracture, hip dislocation, bursitis, tendinitis, labral tear, impingement syndrome, and infection. Depending on the severity and type of the condition, different treatments can be applied to restore or improve the hip joint function. These include medication, physical therapy, injections, arthroscopy, osteotomy, or total hip replacement. 248dff8e21